The Appropriation of Religiousity in the 2024 Indonesian Presidential

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62033/iasjol.v2i2.78

Keywords:

The appropriation of religiousity, Politicization of religion, Election, Presidential election

Abstract

Religious appropriation is a phenomenon that is continually reproduced in every electoral contestation. However, this context has not been discussed comprehensively in previous studies. In addition to responding to the shortcomings of previous studies, this study also focuses on explaining the characteristics, factors, and latent dangers of religious appropriation that occured in the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. This study reveals three important findings regarding the religious appropriation in the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. First, religious appropriation frequently manifests in the context of doctrine, language, and religious behaviors expressed outside the values and norms of religion. Second, cultural, spiritual, and structural factors have dominantly influenced the occurance of religious appropriation in the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. Third, the latent dangers of religious appropriation in the 2024 Indonesian presidential election often leads to intolerance, polarization, and persecution against religious communities even after the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. This study also recommends the importance of further studies that explain the attitudes of both formal and informal authorities in responding to religious appropriation in political contestation by conducting intensive interviews.

References

Achfandhy, M. I., Pujianto, W. T., Daniyarti, W. D., & Jamiah, R. (2024). The Pre-Presidental Election 2024: Uncovering the Cosistency of Religious Politicization. Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura, 24(1), 67–84. https://doi.org/10.22373/jiif.v24i1.17103

Aditiya, S. (2024). Ratusan Ulama Jabar Keluarkan Fatwa Wajib Pilih Anies-Muhaimin di Pilpres 2024. Viva.Co.Id. https://www.viva.co.id/berita/politik/1682805-ratusan-ulama-jabar-keluarkan-fatwa-wajib-pilih-anies-muhaimin-di-pilpres-2024

Aji, N., & Dartanto, T. (2018). Behind the Jokowi’s victory: did economic voting matter in the 2014 Indonesian presidential election? Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, 2(1), 115–138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41685-018-0083-3

Akbar, A. (2024). Riset: Organisasi Keagamaan Mempengaruhi Pilihan di Pilpres 2024. Tirto.Id. https://tirto.id/riset-organisasi-keagamaan-mempengaruhi-pilihan-di-pilpres-2024-gPnA

Alvian, R. A., & Ardhani, I. (2023). The Politics of Moderate Islam in Indonesia: Between International Pressure and Domestic Contestations. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 61(1), 19–57. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2023.611.19-57

Azca, M. N. (2024). A “Maverick Salafi Political Jihadist” in a Turbulent Period: A Biographical Study of Dr Fauzi. Politics and Governance, 12, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.7984

Azevedo, F., & Jost, J. T. (2021). The ideological basis of antiscientific attitudes: Effects of authoritarianism, conservatism, religiosity, social dominance, and system justification. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 24(4), 518–549. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430221990104

BBC. (2024). Pilpres 2024: Seberapa kuat dukungan Ijtima Ulama mengerek elektabilitas Anies-Cak Imin? Bbc.Com. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cjep15d74d0o

Blühdorn, I., & Deflorian, M. (2021). Politicisation beyond post-politics: new social activism and the reconfiguration of political discourse. Social Movement Studies, 20(3), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2021.1872375

Braunstein, R. (2022). A Theory of Political Backlash: Assessing the Religious Right’s Effects on the Religious Field. Sociology of Religion, 83(3), 293–323. https://doi.org/10.1093/socrel/srab050

Cahya, A. (2023). Mencegah Bahaya Polarisasi akibat Sentimen Agama pada Pemilu 2024. Kompasiana.Com. https://www.kompasiana.com/anggicahya2399/649f9ccee1a16758b134cca3/mencegah-bahaya-polarisasi-akibat-sentimen-agama-pada-pemilu-2024

Carvalho, J., & Duarte, M. C. (2020). The Politicization of Immigration in Portugal between 1995 and 2014: A European Exception? JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 58(6), 1469–1487. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13048

Cattien, J., & Stopford, R. J. (2023). The appropriating subject: Cultural appreciation, property and entitlement. Philosophy & Social Criticism, 49(9), 1061–1078. https://doi.org/10.1177/01914537211059515

Dahlia, R. R., & Permana, P. A. (2022). Oligarki Media dalam Pusaran Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia 2019 Menuju 2024. Politicos: Jurnal Politik Dan Pemerintahan, 2(1), 65–81. https://doi.org/10.22225/politicos.2.1.2022.65-81

Damayanti, N., & Hamzah, R. E. (2017). Strategi Kampanye Politik Pasangan Jokowi-JK Pada Politik Pemilihan Presiden 2014. Wacana: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi, 16(2), 279–290. https://doi.org/10.32509/wacana.v16i2.52

Drake, J. W. (2020). Folk Religion and the Medical Engineering of Rural Black Laborers. Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 88(2), 329–353. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/lfaa017

Ekawati, E. (2019). Peta Koalisi Partai-Partai Politik di Indonesia pada Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Pasca Orde Baru. JPPUMA Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Dan Sosial Politik Universitas Medan Area, 7(2), 160–172. https://doi.org/10.31289/jppuma.v7i2.2680

Farida, L., & Yoedtadi, M. G. (2020). Politik Identitas dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2019 (Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Kampanye Pilpres 2019 pada Medcom.id). Koneksi, 3(2), 358–365. https://doi.org/10.24912/kn.v3i2.6395

Fernando, H., Galuh Larasati, Y., Abdullah, I., Jubba, H., Mugni, A., & Persadha, P. D. (2023). The de-existence of Islamic political parties in general elections: A case study of Indonesia as a Muslim-majority country. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2225838

Fernando, H., Galuh Larasati, Y., & Cahyani, N. (2023). Being #wanitasalihah: Representations of salihah women on TikTok. IAS Journal of Localities, 1(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.62033/iasjol.v1i1.8

Fernando, H., Larasati, Y. G., & Latif, S. A. (2022). Diseminasi simbolik: Makna korupsi dalam media sosial Instagram. Bricolage : Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, 8(1), 63–79. https://doi.org/10.30813/bricolage.v8i1.3052

Firmansyah, J. (2023). Megawati Hadiahkan Ganjar Kopiah Hitam Setelah Tunjuk sebagai Capres 2024. Tempo.Co. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1717556/megawati-hadiahkan-ganjar-kopiah-hitam-setelah-tunjuk-sebagai-capres-2024

Gagnon, A., & Larios, L. (2021). The Politicization of Immigration and Integration at the Subnational Level: Electoral Campaigns in Ontario and Quebec. Canadian Journal of Political Science, 54(3), 696–716. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008423921000469

Galuh Larasati, Y., Fernando, H., Jubba, H., Abdullah, I., Darus, M. R., & Iribaram, S. (2023). Past preferences informing future leaders for Indonesian 2024 general elections. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2229110

Genc, E., & Baptist, J. (2020). Muslim Couples: The Effects of Perceived Religion-Based Discrimination on Relationship Satisfaction. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 14(2), 87–107. https://doi.org/10.3998/jmmh.10381607.0014.204

Gideon, A. (2024). Cak Imin Bicara Filosofi Slepet di Debat Cawapres 2024, Ini Artinya. Liputan6.Com. https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/5488578/cak-imin-bicara-filosofi-slepet-di-debat-cawapres-2024-ini-artinya

Habermas, J. (2022). Reflections and Hypotheses on a Further Structural Transformation of the Political Public Sphere. Theory, Culture & Society, 39(4), 145–171. https://doi.org/10.1177/02632764221112341

Halim, A. (2024). Polarisasi dan Moderasi Beragama Jadi Ancaman Pemilu 2024. Jawapos.Com. https://radartarakan.jawapos.com/bulungan/2414120564/polarisasi-dan-moderasi-beragama-jadi-ancaman-pemilu-2024

Hidayat, M. M. (2024). The 2024 General Elections in Indonesia: Issues of Political Dynasties, Electoral Fraud, and The Emergence of A National Protest Movements. IAS Journal of Localities, 2(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.62033/iasjol.v2i1.51

Hutajulu, M. A. (2023). Gus Miftah Ungkap Cerita soal “Petunjuk” Dukung Prabowo. Detiknews.Com. https://news.detik.com/pemilu/d-6925540/gus-miftah-ungkap-cerita-soal-petunjuk-dukung-prabowo

Jubba, H., Fernando, H., Larasati, Y. G., & Warfete, U. (2023). Cues that Matter: The Potential for black campaigns in the 2024 general election. Khazanah Sosial, 5(3), 428–438. https://doi.org/10.15575/ks.v5i3.26099

Larsson, T. (2023). Religion, political parties, and Thailand’s 2019 election: Cosmopolitan royalism and its rivals. Modern Asian Studies, 57(2), 582–612. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X22000038

Lenard, P. T., & Balint, P. (2020). What is (the wrong of) cultural appropriation? Ethnicities, 20(2), 331–352. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468796819866498

Lufaefi. (2024). Apa Benar Anies Baswedan Mirip Imam Mahdi? 2 Bukti Ilmiah Ini Patahkan Klaim Tidak Mendasar Tersebut! Akurat.Co. https://www.akurat.co/hikmah/1304040981/apa-benar-anies-baswedan-mirip-imam-mahdi-2-bukti-ilmiah-ini-patahkan-klaim-tidak-mendasar-tersebut

McGrath, M. B. (2023). Cultural appropriation: an Husserlian account. Continental Philosophy Review, 56(3), 483–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11007-023-09605-3

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (J. Saldana (ed.); 3rd ed.). SAGE Publication. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=3CNrUbTu6CsC&printsec=frontcover&hl=id&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0

Moorman, C. (2020). Commentary: Brand Activism in a Political World. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 388–392. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620945260

Mpofu, S. (2022). Religious and political intersections: the instrumentalisation of Christianity during Zimbabwe’s 2018 presidential elections. Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne Des Études Africaines, 56(2), 383–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2021.1894193

Musthafa, S. A. N. (2024). Khofifah Sebut Duet Prabowo-Gibran Mirip Abu Bakar dan Ali Sahabat Nabi: Senior dan Yunior. Pikiranrakyat.Com. https://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/nasional/pr-017630566/khofifah-sebut-duet-prabowo-gibran-mirip-abu-bakar-dan-ali-sahabat-nabi-senior-dan-yunior?page=all

O’Brien, T. L., & Noy, S. (2020). Political Identity and Confidence in Science and Religion in the United States. Sociology of Religion, 81(4), 439–461. https://doi.org/10.1093/socrel/sraa024

Pajarianto, H., Pribadi, I., & Sari, P. (2022). Tolerance between religions through the role of local wisdom and religious moderation. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 78(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i4.7043

Rahmanto, F., Firmansyah, M. I., Purwaningsih, T., & Rafi, M. (2021). Politik Anggaran: Alokasi Dana Bansos Pra-Pemilihan Presiden 2019 di Indonesia Sebagai Alat Meningkatkan Elektabilitas. JWP (Jurnal Wacana Politik), 6(1), 26–36. https://doi.org/10.24198/jwp.v6i1.29422

Rahmawati, D. (2024). Timnas AMIN: Kufur Kalau Tak Pilih Anies-Muhaimin. Detik.Com. https://www.detik.com/sumbagsel/berita/d-7176871/timnas-amin-kufur-kalau-tak-pilih-anies-muhaimin

Rahyuni, F. (2024). Edy Rahmayadi: Siapa yang Beriman, Siapa yang Ingin Berubah, Pilih Anies. News.Detik.Com. https://news.detik.com/pemilu/d-7130131/edy-rahmayadi-siapa-yang-beriman-siapa-yang-ingin-berubah-pilih-anies

Rizki Putra, T., & Nurcholis, A. (2021). Pengaruh Media Sosial terhadap Partisipasi Pemilih Pemula pada Pemilihan Presiden 2019: Studi pada Mahasiswa FISIPOL UGM. Jurnal PolGov, 2(1), 193–222. https://doi.org/10.22146/polgov.v2i1.1372

Rozie, F. (2023). Kata Anies soal Nama AMIN: Bukan dari Konsultan Politik, tapi Takdir Allah SWT. Liputan6.Com. https://www.liputan6.com/pemilu/read/5471201/kata-anies-soal-nama-amin-bukan-dari-konsultan-politik-tapi-takdir-allah-swt

Salam, H. (2023). Isu Keberagaman, Pers, dan Pemilu 2024. Kompas.Id. https://www.kompas.id/baca/polhuk/2023/10/11/isu-keberagaman-pers-dan-pemilu-2024

Santoso, T. R., Rahayu, R., & Setiana, A. R. S. (2023). Political interest of religious ritual: The Sundanese Nyangku ritual in Indonesia. IAS Journal of Localities, 1(2), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.62033/iasjol.v1i2.16

Saubani, A. (2024). Menangi Pilpres 2024, Prabowo Pekikkan “Takbir” dan “Merdeka.” News.Repubika.Co.Id. https://news.republika.co.id/berita/sanwnc409/menangi-pilpres-2024-prabowo-pekikkan-takbir-dan-merdeka#google_vignette

Schritt, J., & Voß, J.-P. (2023). Colonization, appropriation, commensuration: Three modes of translation. The Sociological Review, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/00380261231201475

Smith, R. D. (2021). The Diminished Public, and Black Christian Promotion of American Civic Ideals. Religions, 12(7), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12070505

Sofyan, M. A., Laksono, P., & Chabibi, M. (2020). Strategi Komunikasi Politik Ulama Nahdlatul Wathan Pancor Dalam Membentuk Opini Publik Pilkada Pada Pemilihan Umum Presiden Tahun 2019. Jurnal Al-Tsiqoh (Dakwah Dan Ekonomi), 5(2), 57–73. https://e-journal.uac.ac.id/index.php/altsiq/article/view/965

Vaggione, J. M., & Machado, M. D. D. C. (2020). Religious Patterns of Neoconservatism in Latin America. Politics & Gender, 16(1), 6–10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743923X20000082

Wadipalapa, R. P. (2015). Meme culture & komedi-satire politik: kontestasi pemilihan presiden dalam media baru. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 12(1), 1–17. https://ojs.uajy.ac.id/index.php/jik/article/view/440

Wahidin, K. P. (2023). Di balik selimut patung Bunda Maria: Pemilu 2024 dan wajah buruk intoleransi. Alinea.Id. https://www.alinea.id/nasional/pemilu-2024-dan-potret-buruk-intoleransi-b2hOY9L7m

Wai Weng, H. (2022). Packaging, Persuasion and Propaganda: Popular Preaching and Islamic Counter-publics in Indonesia. Asian Studies Review, 48(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2022.2052801

Wakang, A. A. (2024). Kasus Ujaran Kebencian Meningkat Terhadap Kelompok Minoritas Sepanjang Pemilu 2024. Tempo.Co. https://metro.tempo.co/read/1832819/kasus-ujaran-kebencian-meningkat-terhadap-kelompok-minoritas-sepanjang-pemilu-2024

Wiryono, S. (2022). Politisasi Agama Jadi Sorotan Komnas HAM dalam Pemilu 2024. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2022/11/15/00000071/politisasi-agama-jadi-sorotan-komnas-ham-dalam-pemilu-2024

Downloads

Submitted

2024-08-19

Accepted

2024-08-23

Published

2024-08-26

How to Cite

Lindgren, T., Prasojo, Z. H., Bugov, D. T., Riduan, I. M., & Anam, K. (2024). The Appropriation of Religiousity in the 2024 Indonesian Presidential. IAS Journal of Localities, 2(2), 96–108. https://doi.org/10.62033/iasjol.v2i2.78

Issue

Section

Articles